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It has been an accepted "fact" of
weight loss dieting for years: lose no more than two pounds per week if
you want to stay healthy and keep the weight off. A retrospective
evaluation of 25 controlled diet studies conducted over the past two
decades shows just the opposite. Dieters who lost weight the fastest had
higher success rates both for achieving and maintaining their
target weight than those who lost weight more slowly.
Variations of a protein-sparing modified fast (PSMF) or a very low
calorie diet (VLCD) were used as the fast weight loss method. These were
compared to typical low calorie or low carbohydrate weight loss diets.
Those in the (PSMF) group reported less hunger and less preoccupation
with eating than those consuming low calorie diets. Adherence was also greater
in the protein sparing fast groups. At 18 month
follow up, 30% of women and 58% of men in the PSMF group had maintained
their weight loss compared to an anticipated 6% of dieters who
lose weight by traditional calorie-counting. There was no
significant difference between the groups in terms of exercise
tolerance, resting metabolism or reported emotional stress.
Researchers speculate that the success of a PSMF may be related to
several factors including less hunger, less focus on food and faster
emotional gratification. Dr. Dana Myatt, bariatric family physician
and author of the The Super Fast Diet (La Casa Press, 2005),
concurs.
"It is not simply a matter
of eating a very low calorie diet. The diet must contain specific
amounts of protein and nutrients in order to cause fast fat
loss, not lean muscle loss. When done correctly, this type of
diet appears clearly superior to slower weight loss programs,
especially for people in otherwise good health.."
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References and Research
Holtmeier KB, Seim HC. The diet
prescription for obesity. What works? Minn Med. 2000 Nov;83(11):28-32.
Contaldo F, Di Biase G, Scalfi L, Presta E, Mancini M. Protein-sparing
modified fast in the treatment of severe obesity: weight loss and nitrogen
balance data. Int J Obes. 1980;4(3):189-96.
Anton-Kuchly B, Ranganathan S, Potiron M, Louvet S, Charbonnel B, Krempf M,
Ginet J. Effect of a protein-sparing diet on responses to exercise in obese
subjects. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1993 Mar;33(1):59-64.
Seim HC, Rigden SR. Approaching the protein-sparing modified fast. Am Fam
Physician. 1990 Nov;42(5 Suppl):51S-56S.
Wadden TA, Stunkard AJ, Brownell
KD, Day SC. A comparison of two very-low-calorie diets:
protein-sparing-modified fast versus protein-formula-liquid diet. Am J Clin
Nutr. 1985 Mar;41(3):533-9.
Wadden TA, Stunkard AJ, Day SC,
Gould RA, Rubin CJ. Less food, less hunger: reports of appetite and symptoms
in a controlled study of a protein-sparing modified fast. Int J Obes.
1987;11(3):239-49.
Van Gaal LF, Snyders D, De Leeuw
IH, Bekaert JL. Anthropometric and calorimetric evidence for the protein
sparing effects of a new protein supplemented low calorie preparation. Am J
Clin Nutr. 1985 Mar;41(3):540-4.
Wadden TA, Stunkard AJ, Brownell KD. Very low calorie diets: their efficacy,
safety, and future. Ann Intern Med. 1983 Nov;99(5):675-84.
Bettens C, Heraief E, Burckhardt P. Short and long term results of a
progressive reintroduction of carbohydrates (PRCH) after a protein-sparing
modified fast (PSMF). Int J Obes. 1989;13 Suppl 2:113-7.
Kirschner MA, Schnider G, Ertel
NH, Gorman J. An eight-year experience with a very low calorie formula diet
for control of major obesity. Int J Obes. 1988;12(1):69-80.
Sarlio-Lahteenkorva S, Rissanen A,
Kaprio J. A descriptive study of weight loss maintenance: 6 and 15 year
follow-up of initially overweight adults. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord.
2000 Jan;24(1):116-25.
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